张大千先生年谱
[b][size=6]张大千先生年谱[/size][/b]1899年 己亥 1 岁 5 月10日（农历四月初一）
生于四川省内江县城郊安
良里鼻嘴堰塘湾，取名张
正权。
1908年 戊申 10岁 随母曾友贞、兄张善子、
姊张琼枝等习画。
1916年 丙辰 18岁 暑假返内江途中被土匪掳
去，迫做“黑笔师爷”，
百日后方得脱身。在匪巢
内学会了做诗。
1917年 丁巳 19岁 与二哥张善子赴日本，在
京都学习染织技术。
1919年 己未 21岁 由日本回到上海，于曾熙
（号农髯）门下学习书法。
在江苏松江县禅定寺削发
为僧，取法号“大千”。
三个月后又因不愿烧戒疤
而逃禅还俗。
1920年 庚申 22岁 拜李瑞清（号梅庵）学习
书法与作诗等。
1924年 甲子 26岁 随兄善子参加上海“秋英
会”雅集，当场绘画题诗，
一鸣惊人。
1925年 乙丑 27岁 在上海宁波同乡会馆举办
首次个展。
1929年 己巳 31岁 被聘为全国一届美展干事
会员。
1931年 辛未 33岁 赴日本审定展品。
1933年 癸酉 35岁 作品参加巴黎波蒙博物馆
主办之“中国近代绘画展
览”，《荷花图》被该馆
购藏。
1934年 甲戌 36岁 作品在苏联展出，《江南
山水图》被莫斯科国立博
物馆购藏。
1935年 乙亥 37岁 在北平举办“张善子、张
大千昆仲画展”，被聘为
北平故宫博物院国画研究
室指导教授，又被南京中
央大学艺术系聘为国画教
授。是年，作品参加英国
伯灵顿美术馆的展览。
1937年 丁丑 39岁 参加全国第二届美展。因
揭露日本侵略军的罪行，
被日宪兵队关押。
1941年 辛巳 43岁 为莫高窟洞编号，系莫高
窟编号之中国第一人。
1942年 癸未 45岁 被国立敦煌艺术研究所筹
委会聘为委员。在兰州举
行“张大千临摹敦煌壁画
展览”。
1943年 甲申 46岁 在成都、重庆先后举办
“张大千临摹敦煌壁画展
览”。被推选为中华全国
美术会理事。
1945年 乙酉 47岁 以巨价收得《韩熙载夜宴
图》、《江堤晚景》、
《潇湘图》等古代珍品。
1946年 丙戌 48岁 在西安举行“张大千画展”。
赴北平，担任北平艺专名
誉教授。赴上海举办临摹
敦煌壁画展览。作品参加
联合国教科文组织的世界
现代画展。
1949年 己丑 51岁 应何香凝之请，在香港作
《荷花图》赠毛泽东。
1950年 庚寅 52岁 赴新德里举办画展。
1952年 壬辰 54岁 将《韩熙载夜宴图》等国
宝，卖给了国内。八月举
家离港迁居阿根廷。
1953年 癸巳 55岁 参加在纽约举办的“当代
中国画展览”。迁居巴西。
1955年 乙未 57岁 “张大千书画展览”在日
本展出。
1956年 丙申 58岁 在八德园内尝试作泼墨山
水画，取得成功。是年，
在巴黎举办画展，并会晤
毕加索。
1958年 戊戌 60岁 参加世界现代美术博览会，
《秋海棠》荣膺国际艺术
学会颁发的金牌奖，并被
选为“当代世界第一大画
家”。
1963年 癸卯 65岁 六幅荷花通景巨屏被《读
者文摘》社以十四万美金
高价购藏，创当时中国画
售价最高纪录。在新加坡
举行画展后又移至马来西
亚的吉隆坡、怡保、槟城
等地展出。
1964年 甲辰 66岁 在西德科隆举行“张大千
近作展”。
1965年 乙巳 67岁 往英国伦敦举行画展。
1968年 戊申 70岁 台北历史博物馆举办《张
大千长江万里图特展》。
将大风堂藏临摹敦煌壁画
62幅赠台湾故宫博物院，
蒋介石题“葆粹报国”匾
额予以奖励。
1969年 己酉 71岁 率家移居美国加州。台湾
故宫博物馆举办“张大千
先生捐赠故宫临摹敦煌壁
画特展”。美国洛杉矶等
地先后举办“张大千画展”。
1972年 壬子 74岁 《张大千四十年回顾展》
在旧金山举行。
1976年 丙辰 78岁 获台当局颁授之“艺坛宗
师”匾额，任台北故宫博
物院管理委员会委员。
1983年 癸亥 85岁 完成高六尺、长三丈六尺
的巨画《庐山图》。参加
在台北历史博物馆举行的
“张大千书画展”和“庐
山图特展”。4月2日，溘
然长逝。
1899 1 years old; born in the suburbs of
Neijing county town in Sichuan
province on May 10；named ：Zhang
Zhengquan．
1908 10 years old；learned to paint from
his mother Chen Youzhen,his brother
Zhang Shanzi and his sister Zhang
Qiongzhi．
1916 18 years old；on his return to
Neijiang during the summer vocation，
he was captured by the bandits and
forced to be "private advisor"；
he got free after one hundred days；
he learned to write poems at the
bandit's lair．
1917 19 years old；his parents instructed
him to go to Japan with his brother
Zhang Shanzi， and they learned
techniques of dyeing and weaving
in Tokyo．
1919 21 years old；returned from Japan to
Shanghai and took the famous scholar
and calligrapher Chenxi as his
teacher ．He had his hair cut and
became a monk at Chanding Temple in
Songjiang county of Jiangsu province
with his religious name Daqian．
After three months，he resumed
secular life because he would not
have holes burned on the top of his
head．
1920 22 years old；he paid a formal visit
to Li Ruiqing,a famous scholar and
calligrapher,and learned calligraphy
and writing poems from him．
1924 26 years old；went to attend " a
gathering of outstanding artists in
autumn"in Shanghai with his brother，
where he improvised poems and
paintings and amazed the world with
a single brilliant feat．
1925 27 years old； held the first
individual exhibition in his life-
time at Ningbo townsmen association
center in Shanghai．
1929 31 years old；The first national
fine arts works exhibition opened
and he was appointed as a member of
the exhibition directors．
1931 33 years old；Zhang Daqian，Zhang
Shanzi and Zheng Manqing were
elected representatives of Chinese
Classical Paintings Exhibition,went
to Japan to examine and approve the
exhibits．
1933 35 years old；His works were
displayed at " Chinese Modern
Painting Exhibition" held by Bomen
Museum in Paris；his " Lotus " was
bought and treasured by the museum．
1934 36 years old；His works were
exhibited in Russia；his "Landscape
to the South of Changjiang River
"was bought and treasured by Moscow
National museum．
1935 37 years old；held "Zhang Daqian，
Zhang Shanzi Painting Exhibition "
in Beiping；Huang Shan Landscape
amazed the artistic circle ;
appointed as a professor of
Traditional Chinese Painting
Research Section of the Imperial
Palace Museum in Beiping ，and a
traditional painting professor of
the art department of Nanjing
Central University ．In the same
year ，his works were displayed at
the exhibition held by Burlington
Art Gallery in Britain．
1937 39 years old；took part in the
second national art exhibition；was
put in prison by the Japanese
military police because he had
exposed the crimes committed by the
Japanese invaders．
1941 43 years old； went to Dunhuang；
numbered the caves in Mogaoku，
totaling 309 numbers，thus he was
the first Chinese who numbered the
caves．
1943 45 years old；appointed as one of
the eight members of the preparatory
committee by National Dunhuang Art
Research Institute；held in Lanzhou
"Exhibition of Zhang Daqian's Copy
from the Dunhuang Frescoes"．
1944 46 years old；Exhibition of Zhang
Daqian's Copy from the Dunhuang
Frescoes was held in Chengdu and
Chongqing，which amazed both the
artistic circle and academic world
in China.Exhibition of Zhang Daqian's
collection of antique painting and
calligraphy was held in Chengdu,with
a total of over 170 pieces，works
ranging from Tang,Song,Yuan dynasty
to Qing Dynasty． He was elected
director of Chinese National Fine
Arts Association．
1945 47 years old；bought some rare
pieces of ancient artists at very
high prices such as "Evening View
at Jiangdi"，and "Dinner Party of
Han Xizai"etc．
1946 48 years old；held Zhang Daqian
Painting Exhibition in Xi'an；went
to Beiping and became honorary
professor of Beiping Art College；
held exhibition of copy from the
Dunhuang Frescoes；took part in the
exhibition of the world modern
paintings held by the United Nations
Organization of Science，Education
and Culture．
1949 51 years old;invited by He Xiangning
in Hong Kong，he created "Lotus " as
a gift for Mao Zedong．
1950 52 years old；invited by the depart-
ment concerned in India，he went to
New Delhi to hold his individual
painting exhibition，most of which
were copy from the Dunhuang Frescoes．
1952 54 years old；sold the national
treasure "Dinner Party of Han Xizai"
to countryman，in August，the whole
family left Hong Kong and migrated
to Argentina．
1953 55 years old；took part in the
exhibition of contemporary Chinese
paintings held in New York；migrated
to Brazil．
1955 57 years old；at the end of the year，
Zhang Daqian's Painting and
Calligraphy Exhibition was held in
Japan；at the same time，published
the four volumes of " Da Fengtang
Famous Paintings " which greatly
amazed the international artistic
circle．
1956 58 years old；tried splash ink at
Bate Garden and succeeded；held
painting exhibition in Paris and met
Piccaso,master of the western style
painting．
1958 60 years old；attended the interna-
tional modern fine arts fair，and
because of his traditional Chinese
painting " Autumn Flowering
Crabapple"，he won the gold prize
awarded by the International Art
Association；he was also elected "
the greatest painter of the modern
world"．
1963 65 years old；in October，"Reader's
Digest"bought and treasured his six
huge painted screen with lotus at
the price of 140，000 dollars ；
created the highest price record of
traditional Chinese paintings；in
the same year，he held "Zhang Daqian
Painting Exhibition"in Singapore，
later moved it to several cities in
Malaysia．
1964 66 years old；flied to West Germany
from Brazil to hold " Zhang Daqian
Recent Paintings Exhibition "．
1965 67 years old；held " Zhang Daqian
Paintings Exhibition"in London．
1968 70 years old；Chinese Cultural
Academy of Taiwan awarded him an
honorary literary doctor degree；
in July，Taibei History Museum held
a "Special Exhibition of A Thousand
Li Changjiang River by Zhang Daqian"，
then printed and published the
painting． Thailand publicized a
survey ，electing Zhang Daqian
" the best painter of modern China"；
in November， asked Zhang Qun to
present on his behalf his 62 pieces
of copy from the Dunhuang Frescoes
to the Imperial Palace Museum
in Taiwan， for this Jiang Jieshi
awarded him a horizontal tablet with
the words of "Devoted to the Country
by Preserving the quintessence"．
1969 71 years old；in the autumn，moved to
California with his family；Taiwan
Imperial Museum held " a special
exhibition of copy works from the
Dunhuang Frescoes dedicated to the
Imperial Palace by Zhang Daqian"，
and published a catalogue of the
paintings．New York cultural center，
St·John University，and some other
galleries in America held Zhang
Daqian painting exhibitions．
1972 74 years old；in November，
" Exhibition of Zhang Daqian Forty
years in Retrospect" was held in
California；it was an exceptionally
grand occasion，and Los Angeles
awarded him the title of "honorary
citizen"．
1974 76 years old；in November，he went
to the Pacific University in
California to accept an honorary
doctor degree of human studies
awarded by the university．
1976 78 years old；won a horizontal
tablet of " master of the artistic
circle " awarded him by Taiwan
government，became a member of the
management committee of the Imperial
Museum．
1979 81 years old；in January，Chinese
Culture Association in Hong Kong
held "Exhibition the works of the
Three Outstanding Painters of
Modern China "，where paintings of
Zhang Daqian，Pu Xinshe and Huang
Junbi were showed．
1983 85 years old；in January，produced
the picture of "Lu Mountain" of six
Chi high and 3．6 Zhang wide（Chi
and Zhang are units of length）；
attended "Zhang Daqian Painting and
Calligraphy Exhibition"and "Special
Exhibition of Lu Shan Mountain"held
in Taibei；died at 8：15 on April 2；
on April 16，Taibei city government
gave him a grand funeral ceremony，
and put his bone ash under the stone
tablet of the plum hillock． [b][font=楷体_GB2312][size=5][color=#cc0000]张大千先生用印选[/color][/size][/font][/b]
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